Universities provide either two or
four years of education for undergraduate studies
whereas for graduate studies, a further two years are
necessary, as is typical throughout the world. There are
around 820 higher education institutions including
universities with a total student enrollment of over 1
million. Major universities are located in
Istanbul
and
Ankara.
Tertiary education is the responsibility of the Higher
Education Council, and funding is provided by the state
for public institutions that make up the bulk of the
tertiary education system. There are 118
universities in
Turkey, which are
classified as either public or foundational (private)
and 373,353 students were graduated from these
universities in 2006. Public universities typically
charge very low fees and foundational are highly
expensive with fees that can reach $15,000 per annum,
and as such, a majority of students in tertiary
education attend public institutions. Since 1998,
universities have been given greater autonomy and were
encouraged to raise funds through partnerships with
industry.The quality of education at the Turkish
universities varies greatly, some providing education
and facilities on par with internationally renowned
schools (for the technical universities, often compared
with the universities in the
United States,
as there are several Turkish universities regularly
visited by the
Accreditation Board
for Engineering and Technology,
the recognized U.S. accreditor of college and university
programs, and their engineering programs deemed
substantially equivalent to comparable programs at the
U.S. universities), and these reflect as the popularity
of a university in students' choices at the ÖSS
examination.University studies last between 2 and 4
years for the
undergraduate
level, and 2 or more years for the
graduate
level. Some universities also ask for an additional year
of English preparatory study to be completed before the
start of studies, unless a proficiency examination is
passed.
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